1. PCI姹囨祦鎺掓槸浠涔堟剰鎬濓紵姹囨祦鎺掍唬琛ㄤ粈涔堟剰鎬濓紵
PCI姹囨祦鎺
PCI鎶鏈瑙勬牸绠浠
浠1992骞村垱绔嬭勮寖鍒板備粖锛孭CI姹囨祦鎺掑凡鎴愪负浜嗚＄畻鏈虹殑涓绉嶆爣鍑嗘眹娴佹帓銆傜敱PCI姹囨祦鎺掓瀯鎴愮殑鏍囧噯绯荤粺缁撴瀯濡傚浘涓鎵绀恒
PCI姹囨祦鎺掑彇浠ｄ簡鏃╁厛鐨処SA姹囨祦鎺掋傚綋鐒朵笌鍦≒CI姹囨祦鎺掑悗闈㈠嚭鐜颁笓闂ㄧ敤浜庢樉绀哄崱鐨凙GP姹囨祦鎺掞紝涓庣幇鍦≒CI Express姹囨祦鎺掞紝浣嗘槸PCI鑳戒粠1992鐢ㄥ埌鐜板湪锛岃存槑浠栨湁璁稿氫紭鐐癸紝姣斿傚嵆鎻掑嵆鐢(Plug and Play)銆佷腑鏂鍏变韩绛夈傚湪杩欓噷鎴戜滑瀵筆CI姹囨祦鎺掑仛涓涓娣卞叆鐨勪粙缁嶃
浠庤祫鏂欏藉害涓婄湅锛孭CI姹囨祦鎺掓湁32bit銆64bit涔嬪垎锛涗粠姹囨祦鎺掗熷害涓婂垎锛屾湁33MHz銆66MHz涓ょ嶃傜洰鍓嶆祦琛岀殑鏄32bit @ 33MHz锛岃64bit绯荤粺姝ｅ湪鏅鍙婁腑銆傛敼鑹鐨凱CI绯荤粺锛孭CI-X锛屾渶楂樺彲浠ヨ揪鍒64bit @ 133MHz锛岃繖鏍峰氨鍙浠ュ緱鍒拌秴杩1GB/s鐨勮祫鏂欎紶杈撻熺巼銆傚傛灉娌℃湁鐗规畩璇存槑锛屼互涓嬬殑璁ㄨ轰互32bit @ 33MHz涓轰緥銆
涓銆佸熀鏈姒傚康
涓嶅悓浜嶪SA姹囨祦鎺掞紝PCI姹囨祦鎺掔殑鍦板潃姹囨祦鎺掍笌璧勬枡姹囨祦鎺掓槸鍒嗘椂澶嶇敤鐨勩傝繖鏍峰仛鐨勫ソ澶勬槸锛屼竴鏂归潰鍙浠ヨ妭鐪佹帴澶栨寕鐨勭¤剼鏁帮紝鍙︿竴鏂归潰渚夸簬瀹炵幇绐佸彂璧勬枡浼犺緭銆傚湪鍋氳祫鏂欎紶杈撴椂锛岀敱涓涓狿CI瑁呯疆鍋氬彂璧疯(涓绘帶锛孖nitiator鎴朚aster)锛岃屽彟涓涓狿CI瑁呯疆鍋氱洰鏍(浠庤呯疆锛孴arget鎴朣lave)銆傛荤嚎涓婄殑鎵鏈夋椂搴忕殑浜х敓涓庢帶鍒讹紝閮界敱Master鏉ュ彂璧枫侾CI姹囨祦鎺掑湪鍚屼竴鏃跺埢鍙鑳戒緵涓瀵硅呯疆瀹屾垚浼犺緭锛岃繖灏辫佹眰鏈変竴涓浠茶佹満鏋(Arbiter)锛屾潵鍐冲畾鍦ㄨ皝鏈夋潈鍔涙嬁鍒版眹娴佹帓鐨勪富鎺ф潈銆
32bit PCI绯荤粺鐨勭¤剼鎸夊姛鑳芥潵鍒嗘湁浠ヤ笅鍑犵被锛
绯荤粺鎺у埗锛 CLK锛孭CI鏃堕挓锛屼笂鍗囨部鏈夋晥
RST 锛孯eset璁鍙
浼犺緭鎺у埗锛 FRAME#锛屾爣蹇椾紶杈撳紑濮嬩笌缁撴潫
IRDY#锛孧aster鍙浠ヤ紶杈撹祫鏂欑殑鏍囧織
DEVSEL#锛屽綋Slave鍙戠幇鑷宸辫瀹氬潃鏃剁疆浣庡簲绛
TRDY#锛孲lave鍙浠ヨ浆杈撹祫鏂欑殑鏍囧織
STOP#锛孲lave涓诲姩缁撴潫浼犺緭璧勬枡鐨勮鍙
IDSEL锛屽湪鍗虫彃鍗崇敤绯荤粺鍚鍔ㄦ椂鐢ㄤ簬閫変腑鏉垮崱鐨勮鍙
鍦板潃涓庤祫鏂欐眹娴佹帓锛 AD[31::0]锛屽湴鍧/璧勬枡鍒嗘椂澶嶇敤姹囨祦鎺
C/BE#[3::0]锛屽懡浠/浣嶅厓缁勪娇鑳借鍙
PAR锛屽囧伓鏍￠獙璁鍙
浠茶佸彿锛 REQ#锛孧aster鐢ㄦ潵璇锋眰姹囨祦鎺掍娇鐢ㄦ潈鐨勮鍙
GNT#锛孉rbiter鍏佽窶aster寰楀埌姹囨祦鎺掍娇鐢ㄦ潈鐨勮鍙
閿欒鎶ュ憡锛 PERR#锛岃祫鏂欏囧伓鏍￠獙閿
SERR#锛岀郴缁熷囧伓鏍￠獙閿
褰揚CI姹囨祦鎺掕繘琛屾搷浣滄椂锛屽彂璧疯(Master)鍏堢疆REQ#锛屽綋寰楀埌浠茶佸櫒(Arbiter)鐨勮稿彲鏃(GNT#)锛屼細灏咶RAME#缃浣庯紝骞跺湪AD鎬荤嚎涓婃斁缃甋lave鍦板潃锛屽悓鏃禖/BE#鏀剧疆鍛戒护璁鍙凤紝璇存槑鎺ヤ笅鏉ョ殑浼犺緭鍨嬪埆銆傛墍鏈塒CI鎬荤嚎涓婅呯疆閮介渶瀵规ゅ湴鍧璇戠爜锛岃閫変腑鐨勮呯疆瑕佺疆DEVSEL#浠ュｅ憡鑷宸辫閫変腑銆傜劧鍚庡綋IRDY#涓嶵RDY#閮界疆浣庢椂锛屽彲浠ヤ紶杈撹祫鏂欍傚綋Master璧勬枡浼犺緭缁撴潫鍓嶏紝灏咶RAME#缃楂樹互鏍囨槑鍙鍓╂渶鍚庝竴缁勮祫鏂欒佷紶杈擄紝骞跺湪浼犲畬璧勬枡鍚庢斁寮IRDY#浠ラ噴鏀炬眹娴佹帓鎺у埗鏉冦
杩欓噷鎴戜滑鍙浠ョ湅鍑猴紝PCI姹囨祦鎺掔殑浼犺緭鏄寰堥珮鏁堢殑锛屽彂鍑轰竴缁勫湴鍧鍚庯紝鐞嗘兂鐘舵佷笅鍙浠ヨ繛缁鍙戣祫鏂欙紝宄板奸熺巼涓132MB/s銆傚疄闄呬笂锛岀洰鍓嶆祦琛岀殑33M@32bit鍖楁ˉ鏅剁墖涓鑸鍙浠ュ仛鍒100MB/s鐨勮繛缁浼犺緭銆
浜屻佸嵆鎻掑嵆鐢ㄧ殑瀹炵幇
鎵璋撳嵆鎻掑嵆鐢锛屾槸鎸囧綋鏉垮崱鎻掑叆绯荤粺鏃讹紝绯荤粺浼氳嚜鍔ㄥ规澘鍗℃墍闇璧勬簮杩涜屽垎閰嶏紝濡傚熀鍦板潃銆佷腑鏂鍙风瓑锛屽苟鑷鍔ㄥ绘壘鐩稿簲鐨勯┍鍔ㄧ▼寮忋傝屼笉璞℃棫鐨処SA鏉垮崱锛岄渶瑕佽繘琛屽嶆潅鐨勬墜鍔ㄩ厤缃銆
瀹為檯鐨勫疄鐜拌繙姣旇磋捣鏉ヨ佸嶆潅銆傚湪PCI鏉垮崱涓锛屾湁涓缁勬殏瀛樺櫒锛屽彨"閰嶇疆绌洪棿"(Configuration Space)锛岀敤鏉ュ瓨鏀惧熀鍦板潃涓庤板繂浣撳湴鍧锛屼互鍙婁腑鏂绛夎祫璁銆
浠ヨ板繂浣撳湴鍧涓轰緥銆傚綋涓婄數鏃讹紝鏉垮崱浠嶳OM閲岃诲彇鍥哄畾鐨勫兼斁鍒版殏瀛樺櫒涓锛屽瑰簲璁板繂浣撶殑鍦版柟鏀剧疆鐨勬槸闇瑕佸垎閰嶇殑璁板繂 *** 鍏冪粍鏁扮瓑璧勮銆備綔涓氱郴缁熻佽窡鎹杩欎釜璧勮鍒嗛厤璁板繂浣擄紝骞跺湪鍒嗛厤鎴愬姛鍚庢妸鐩稿簲鐨勬殏瀛樺櫒涓濉鍏ヨ板繂浣撶殑璧峰嬪湴鍧銆傝繖鏍峰氨涓嶅繀鎵嬪伐璁惧畾寮鍏虫潵鍒嗛厤璁板繂浣撴垨鍩哄湴鍧浜嗐傚逛簬涓鏂鐨勫垎閰嶄篃涓庢ょ被浼笺
涓夈佷腑鏂鍏变韩鐨勫疄鐜
ISA鍗＄殑涓涓閲嶈佸眬闄愬湪浜庝腑鏂鏄鐙鍗犵殑锛岃屾垜浠鐭ラ亾璁＄畻鏈虹殑涓鏂鍙峰彧鏈16涓锛岀郴缁熷張鐢ㄦ帀浜嗕竴浜涳紝杩欐牱褰撴湁澶氬潡ISA鍗¤佺敤涓鏂鏃跺氨浼氭湁闂棰樹簡銆
PCI姹囨祦鎺掔殑涓鏂鍏变韩鐢辩‖浣撲笌杞浣撲袱閮ㄥ垎缁勬垚銆
纭浣撲笂锛岄噰鐢ㄧ數骞宠Е鍙戠殑鍔炴硶锛氫腑鏂璁鍙峰湪绯荤粺涓渚х敤鐢甸樆鎺ラ珮锛岃岃佷骇鐢熶腑鏂鐨勬澘鍗′笂鍒╃敤涓夋瀬浣撶殑闆嗙數鏋佸皢璁鍙锋媺浣庛傝繖鏍蜂笉绠℃湁鍑犲潡鏉夸骇鐢熶腑鏂锛屼腑鏂璁鍙烽兘鏄浣庯紱鑰屽彧鏈夊綋鎵鏈夋澘鍗＄殑涓鏂閮藉緱鍒板勭悊鍚庯紝涓鏂璁鍙锋墠浼氬洖澶嶉珮鐢靛钩銆
杞浣撲笂锛岄噰鐢ㄤ腑鏂閾剧殑鏂规硶锛氬亣璁剧郴缁熷惎鍔ㄦ椂锛屽彂鐜版澘鍗A鐢ㄤ簡涓鏂7锛屽氨浼氬皢涓鏂7瀵瑰簲鐨勮板繂浣撳尯鎸囧悜A鍗″瑰簲鐨勪腑鏂鏈嶅姟绋嬪紡鍏ュ彛ISR_A锛涚劧鍚庣郴缁熷彂鐜版澘鍗B涔熺敤涓鏂7锛岃繖鏃跺氨浼氬皢涓鏂7瀵瑰簲鐨勮板繂浣撳尯鎸囧悜ISR_B锛屽悓鏃跺皢ISR_B鐨勭粨鏉熸寚鍚慖SR_A銆備互姝ょ被鎺锛屽氨浼氬舰鎴愪竴涓涓鏂閾俱傝屽綋鏈変腑鏂鍙戠敓鏃讹紝绯荤粺璺宠浆鍒颁腑鏂7瀵瑰簲鐨勮板繂浣擄紝涔熷氨鏄疘SR_B銆侷SR_B灏辫佹鏌ユ槸涓嶆槸B鍗＄殑涓鏂锛屽傛灉鏄锛岃佸勭悊锛屽苟灏嗘澘鍗′笂鐨勬媺浣庣數璺鏀惧紑锛涘傛灉涓嶆槸锛屽垯鍛煎彨ISR_A銆傝繖鏍峰氨瀹屾垚浜嗕腑鏂鐨勫叡浜銆
閫氳繃浠ヤ笂璁ㄨ猴紝鎴戜滑涓嶉毦鐪嬪嚭锛孭CI姹囨祦鎺掓湁鐫鏋佸ぇ鐨勭殑浼樺娍銆傝岃繎骞存潵鐨勫競鍦烘儏鍐典篃璇佸疄浜嗚繖涓鐐广
PCI:鍛ㄨ竟鍏冧欢鎵╁厖濂椾欢浠嬮潰
鎽樻湁鍏宠祫鏂欐墍杩帮細S7400鐨勬ā缁勬槸浣跨敤鏈烘灦涓婄殑姹囨祦鎺掕繛绾胯捣鏉ョ殑銆傛満鏋朵笂鐨凱姹囨祦鎺掞紙I/O姹囨祦鎺掞級鐢ㄤ簬I/O璁鍙风殑楂橀熶氦鎹㈠拰瀵硅鍙锋ā缁勭殑楂橀熻块棶銆侰姹囨祦鎺掞紙閫氳姹囨祦鎺掞紝鎴栫ОK姹囨祦鎺掞級鐢ㄤ簬鍦–姹囨祦鎺掑悇绔欎箣闂寸殑楂橀熼氳璧勬枡浜ゆ崲锛孋鍜孠鍒嗗埆鏄鑻辫鍗曡瘝Communication鍜屽痉璇鍗曡瘝Kommunikation(閫氳锛夌殑缂╁啓銆備袱绉嶆眹娴佹帓鍒嗗紑鍚庯紝鎺у埗鍜岄氳鍒嗗埆鏈夊悇鑷鐨勮祫鏂欓氶亾锛岄氳浠诲姟涓嶄細褰卞搷鎺у埗鐨勫揩閫熸с
[AMBA AHB-Lite]
AHB-Lite
AHB: Advanced High-performance Bus
鐢ㄤ簬楂樿〃鐜板姏楂榗lock棰戠巼鐨勭郴缁. 鏈缁忓父鐨勪娇鐢ㄦ槸杩炵嚎 internal memeory device, external memory interface, 浠ュ強 high bandwidth 澶栧洿. 鍏跺熀鏈缁勫厓鏄: Master, Slave, Decoder, Multiplexor.
鍦 address/control phase 涓 data phase 涓, 瀛樺湪 fixed pipeline.
AHB: 浠呬粎鏀鎻 AMBA AXI protocol 鐨勫姛鑳藉瓙闆(subset).
AHB-Lite: 濡傛灉闄ゅ幓鍦 master 涓 slave IP 寮鍙戜腑涓嶉渶瑕佺殑閮ㄥ垎, 鍒 AHB protocol 鐨勮繖涓 subset 鍒欏畾涔変负 AHB-Lite.
USS鍚屾椂涔熸槸鏄熼檯鑱旈偊椋炶埞鐨勮瘑鍒鐮侊紝鎴栬呮槦闄呰仈閭︾殑绠绉般傛瘮濡備紒涓氬彿灏辨槸 USS NCC-1701.銆
USS鍗忚鍩烘湰姒傚康
USS 鍗忚锛圲niversal Serial Interface Protocol 閫氱敤搴忓垪浠嬮潰鍗忚锛夋槸SIEMENS 鍏鍙告墍鏈変紶鍔ㄤ骇鍝佺殑閫氱敤閫氳鍗忚锛屽畠鏄涓绉嶅熀浜庡簭鍒楁眹娴佹帓杩涜岃祫鏂欓氳鐨勫崗璁銆俇SS鍗忚鏄涓-浠庣粨鏋勭殑鍗忚锛岃勫畾浜嗗湪USS 鎬荤嚎涓婂彲浠ユ湁涓涓涓荤珯鍜屾渶澶31 涓浠庣珯锛涙荤嚎涓婄殑姣忎釜浠庣珯閮芥湁涓涓绔欏湴鍧锛堝湪浠庣珯寮曟暟涓璁惧畾锛夛紝涓荤珯渚濋潬瀹冭瘑鍒姣忎釜浠庣珯锛涙瘡涓浠庣珯涔熷彧瀵逛富绔欏彂鏉ョ殑鎶 *** 鍑哄搷搴斿苟鍥為佹姤鏂囷紝浠庣珯涔嬮棿涓嶈兘鐩存帴杩涜岃祫鏂欓氳銆傚彟澶栵紝杩樻湁涓绉嶅箍鎾閫氳鏂瑰紡锛屼富绔欏彲浠ュ悓鏃剁粰鎵鏈変粠绔欎紶閫佹姤鏂囷紝浠庣珯鍦ㄦ帴鏀堕亾鎶ユ枃骞跺仛鍑虹浉搴旂殑鍝嶅簲鍚庡彲涓嶅洖閫佹姤鏂囥
HyperTransport鎶鏈鏄涓绉嶉珮閫熺偣瀵圭偣姹囨祦鎺掓妧鏈锛屾瘡涓狧yperTransport鍏锋湁涓や釜鍗曞悜鐨勭偣瀵圭偣杩炵粨銆傝佹敞鎰忕殑鏄疕yperTransport骞朵笉鏄疨C鐨勪笓鍒╋紝瀹冨湪鍏跺畠棰嗗煙涔熷箍涓哄簲鐢ㄣ侶yperTransport鑳藉熸彁渚400MHz鐨処/O宸ヤ綔棰戠巼鍜800MHz鐨凜PU鍒癈PU宸ヤ綔棰戠巼锛岃繖琚绉颁负"double pumped"锛屽疄闄呬笂灏辨槸鍦ㄦ椂閽熺殑涓婂崌娌垮拰涓嬮檷娌垮悓鏃朵紶杈撹鍙凤紝杩欏拰DDR璁板繂浣撶殑宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊鏄涓鏍风殑銆備竴涓8浣嶇殑I/O浠嬮潰鍙浠ユ彁渚800MB/s鐨勪紶杈撶巼锛屽洜涓篐yperTransport鍏锋湁涓や釜鍗曞悜鐨勯摼璺锛屽洜姝ゅ畠鍙浠ユ彁渚1.6GB/s鐨勯戝姐備竴涓16浣嶇殑CPU鍒癈PU涔嬮棿鐨勯摼璺鍙浠ユ彁渚3.2GB/s鐨勯戝斤紝鍙屽悜灏辫兘鎻愪緵6.4GB/s鐨勫甫瀹戒簡銆
HyperTransport鐩鍓嶅湪K8骞冲彴涓婅捣鍒颁紶杈揅PU鍜屼富鏈烘澘鏅剁墖(缁)涔嬮棿璧勬枡鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ傚緢澶氭湅鍙嬮兘瀵硅繖涓姹囨祦鎺掑苟涓嶆劅鍒伴檶鐢燂紝浣嗘槸鍗寸粡甯镐骇鐢熶笉灏忕殑璇浼氥傛渶甯歌佺殑渚挎槸灏咹yperTransport棰戠巼涓庡墠绔姹囨祦鎺掗戠巼(FSB)鍜屽栭戠浉娣锋穯銆傚傛煇浜汯8涓绘満鏉跨殑瀹ｄ紶骞垮憡涓婅繖鏍峰湴鎻忚堪锛氣滄湰涓绘満鏉挎敮鎻碏SB 1000MHz鈥濓紝鍏跺疄鍦↘8骞冲彴涓婏紝FSB杩欎釜姒傚康宸茬粡寰堟ā绯婁簡锛氬墠绔姹囨祦鎺掓槸CPU璺熷栫晫娌熼氱殑鍞涓閫氶亾锛屽勭悊鍣ㄥ繀椤婚氳繃瀹冩墠鑳借幏寰楄祫鏂欏拰灏嗚繍绠楃粨鏋滀紶閫佺粰鍏跺畠瀵瑰簲瑁呯疆锛屽寘鎷鍖楁ˉ鏅剁墖鍜岃板繂浣擄紱鑰屽湪K8澶勭悊鍣ㄤ笂锛岃板繂浣撴帶鍒跺櫒闆嗘垚浜嶤PU鍐呴儴锛岃繖鏍稢PU鍙浠ヤ笉閫氳繃鍘熸湁鐨勫墠绔姹囨祦鎺掕岀洿鎺ヤ粠璁板繂浣撹幏寰楄祫鏂欍傚湪AMD閲婂嚭鐨凙thlon64 CPU瑙勬牸琛ㄤ互鍙婂悇涓鏅剁墖缁勫巶鍟嗛噴鍑虹殑鏅剁墖缁勫師鐞嗗浘涓婏紝鎴戜滑鏍规湰灏辩湅涓嶅埌鍓嶇姹囨祦鎺掔殑瀛楁牱銆
CAN姹囨祦鎺掓槸杞﹁浇缃戣矾姹囨祦鎺掍腑鐨勪竴绉嶏紝杞﹁浇姹囨祦鎺掕繕鏈塋IN銆丮OST銆乫laxray銆丆ANFD銆佹眹娴佹帓鎷撴墤缁撴瀯閫氬父鏄鏍规嵁姹囨祦鎺掕祫璁鐨勫姛鑳藉皢CAN姹囨祦鎺掑垎涓鸿垝閫傦紙杞﹁韩锛塁AN鍜屽姩鍔汣AN锛堝簳鐩橈級銆
鍒2涓鎰忔濇潵鐪嬶細
1锛孭CI姹囨祦鎺掞紝灏辨槸PCI姹囨祦鎺掞紝鐢垫皵鐗规э紝杩欎釜鐧惧害灏辩煡閬撲簡銆
2锛屽崐闀垮崱锛氳繖涓璇寸殑鏄鏉垮崱鐨勯暱搴︼紝鐗╃悊鐗规э紝瀵规瘮鐨勬槸鍏ㄩ暱鍗★紝涓鑸鎴戜滑璇碢CI鍗￠兘鏄鎸囧叏闀垮崱锛屽崐闀垮崱涓昏佹槸鍥犱负鏈変竴浜涚壒瀹氱殑鍦哄悎鎵鐢ㄧ殑璁＄畻鏈哄彈绌洪棿闄愬埗鍥犵礌鑰屼娇鐢ㄣ傚崐闀垮崱鐨勫昂瀵稿苟涓嶆槸瀹屽叏灏辨槸鍏ㄩ暱鍗＄殑涓鑸锛屼絾鐩稿瑰皬涓浜涳紝鍗犵敤绌洪棿灏忎竴浜涖
姹囨祦鎺掞紝鍗宠＄畻鏈虹郴缁熷悇涓鍏冧欢杩炵嚎鐨勮祫鏂欍佹帶鍒剁嚎璺鐨勬荤О銆
ISA鏄闈炲父鑰佺殑姹囨祦鎺掞紝鏈澶氭敮鎻16bit锛岃祫鏂欓戝借緝浣庯紱EISA鏄疘SA鐨勫炲己锛岃祫鏂欓戝芥湁鎻愬崌锛岃繖涓ょ嶆眹娴佹帓宸茬粡娣樻卑浜嗐侾CI鏄搴旂敤鏈骞挎硾鐨勬眹娴佹帓锛屾敮鎻32bit銆64bit璧勬枡锛屾敮鎻33MHz锝66MHz锛岃祫鏂欓戝借緝楂橈紝浣嗕篃鏄姣旇緝鏃х殑鐨勶紝鏈鏂扮殑锛屾湁PCI-E绛夌瓑銆
浠讳綍涓涓寰澶勭悊鍣ㄩ兘瑕佷笌涓瀹氭暟閲忕殑閮ㄤ欢鍜屽栧洿瑁呯疆杩炵嚎锛屼絾濡傛灉灏嗗悇閮ㄤ欢鍜屾瘡涓绉嶅栧洿瑁呯疆閮藉垎鍒鐢ㄤ竴缁勭嚎璺涓嶤PU鐩存帴杩炵嚎锛岄偅涔堣繛绾垮皢浼氶敊缁煎嶆潅锛岀敋鑷抽毦浠ュ疄鐜般備负浜嗙畝鍖栫‖浣撶數璺璁捐°佺畝鍖栫郴缁熺粨鏋勶紝甯哥敤涓缁勭嚎璺锛岄厤缃浠ラ傚綋鐨勪粙闈㈢數璺锛屼笌鍚勯儴浠跺拰澶栧洿瑁呯疆杩炵嚎锛岃繖缁勫叡鐢ㄧ殑杩炵嚎绾胯矾琚绉颁负姹囨祦鎺掋傞噰鐢ㄦ眹娴佹帓缁撴瀯渚夸簬閮ㄤ欢鍜岃呯疆鐨勬墿鍏咃紝灏ゅ叾鍒跺畾浜嗙粺涓鐨勬眹娴佹帓鏍囧噯鍒欏规槗浣夸笉鍚岃呯疆闂村疄鐜颁簰杩炪
----寰鏈轰腑姹囨祦鎺掍竴鑸鏈夊唴閮ㄦ眹娴佹帓銆佺郴缁熸眹娴佹帓鍜屽栭儴姹囨祦鎺掋傚唴閮ㄦ眹娴佹帓鏄寰鏈哄唴閮ㄥ悇澶栧洿鏅剁墖涓庡勭悊鍣ㄤ箣闂寸殑姹囨祦鎺掞紝鐢ㄤ簬鏅剁墖涓绾х殑浜掕繛锛涜岀郴缁熸眹娴佹帓鏄寰鏈轰腑鍚勫栨寕鏉夸笌绯荤粺鏉夸箣闂寸殑姹囨祦鎺掞紝鐢ㄤ簬澶栨寕鏉夸竴绾х殑浜掕繛锛涘栭儴姹囨祦鎺掑垯鏄寰鏈哄拰澶栭儴瑁呯疆涔嬮棿鐨勬眹娴佹帓锛屽井鏈轰綔涓轰竴绉嶈呯疆锛岄氳繃璇ユ眹娴佹帓鍜屽叾浠栬呯疆杩涜岃祫璁涓庤祫鏂欎氦鎹锛屽畠鐢ㄤ簬瑁呯疆涓绾х殑浜掕繛銆
----鍙﹀栵紝浠庡箍涔変笂璇达紝璁＄畻鏈洪氳鏂瑰紡鍙浠ュ垎涓哄苟琛岄氳鍜屽簭鍒楅氳锛岀浉搴旂殑閫氳姹囨祦鎺掕绉颁负骞惰屾眹娴佹帓鍜屽簭鍒楁眹娴佹帓銆傚苟琛岄氳閫熷害蹇銆佸疄鏃舵уソ锛屼絾鐢变簬鍗犵敤鐨勫彛绾垮氾紝涓嶉備簬灏忓瀷鍖栦骇鍝侊紱鑰屽簭鍒楅氳閫熺巼铏戒綆锛屼絾鍦ㄨ祫鏂欓氳鍚炲悙閲忎笉鏄寰堝ぇ鐨勫井澶勭悊鐢佃矾涓鍒欐樉寰楁洿鍔犵畝鏄撱佹柟渚裤佺伒娲汇傚簭鍒楅氳涓鑸鍙鍒嗕负闈炲悓姝ユā寮忓拰鍚屾ユā寮忋
----闅忕潃寰鐢靛瓙鎶鏈鍜岃＄畻鏈烘妧鏈鐨勫彂灞曪紝姹囨祦鎺掓妧鏈涔熷湪涓嶆柇鍦板彂灞曞拰瀹屽杽锛岃屼娇璁＄畻鏈烘眹娴佹帓鎶鏈绉嶇被绻佸氾紝鍚勫叿鐗硅壊銆備笅闈浠呭瑰井鏈哄悇绫绘眹娴佹帓涓鐩鍓嶆瘮杈冩祦琛岀殑姹囨祦鎺掓妧鏈鍒嗗埆鍔犱互浠嬬粛銆
涓銆佸唴閮ㄦ眹娴佹帓
----1锛嶪2C姹囨祦鎺
----I2C锛圛nter-IC锛夋眹娴佹帓10澶氬勾鍓嶇敱Philips鍏鍙告帹鍑猴紝鏄杩戝勾鏉ュ湪寰鐢靛瓙閫氳鎺у埗棰嗗煙骞挎硾閲囩敤鐨勪竴绉嶆柊鍨嬫眹娴佹帓鏍囧噯銆傚畠鏄鍚屾ラ氳鐨勪竴绉嶇壒娈婂舰寮忥紝鍏锋湁浠嬮潰绾垮皯锛屾帶鍒舵柟寮忕畝鍖栵紝鍣ㄤ欢灏佽呭舰寮忓皬锛岄氳閫熺巼杈冮珮绛変紭鐐广傚湪涓讳粠閫氳涓锛屽彲浠ユ湁澶氫釜I2C姹囨祦鎺掑櫒浠跺悓鏃舵帴鍒癐2C鎬荤嚎涓婏紝閫氳繃鍦板潃鏉ヨ瘑鍒閫氳鐗╀欢銆
----2锛嶴PI姹囨祦鎺
----搴忓垪澶栧洿瑁呯疆浠嬮潰SPI锛坰erial peripheral interface锛夋眹娴佹帓鎶鏈鏄疢otorola鍏鍙告帹鍑虹殑涓绉嶅悓姝ュ簭鍒椾粙闈銆侻otorola鍏鍙哥敓浜х殑缁濆ぇ澶氭暟MCU锛堝井鎺у埗鍣锛夐兘閰嶆湁SPI纭浣撲粙闈锛屽68绯诲垪MCU銆係PI姹囨祦鎺掓槸涓绉嶄笁绾垮悓姝ユ眹娴佹帓锛屽洜鍏剁‖浣撳姛鑳藉緢寮猴紝鎵浠ワ紝涓嶴PI鏈夊叧鐨勮蒋浣撳氨鐩稿綋绠鍗曪紝浣緾PU鏈夋洿澶氱殑鏃堕棿澶勭悊鍏朵粬浜嬪姟銆
----3锛嶴CI姹囨祦鎺
----搴忓垪閫氳浠嬮潰SCI锛坰erial munication interface锛変篃鏄鐢盡otorola鍏鍙告帹鍑虹殑銆傚畠鏄涓绉嶉氱敤闈炲悓姝ラ氳浠嬮潰UART锛屼笌MCS-51鐨勯潪鍚屾ラ氳鍔熻兘鍩烘湰鐩稿悓銆
浜屻佺郴缁熸眹娴佹帓
----1锛嶪SA姹囨祦鎺
----ISA锛坕nstrial standard architecture锛夋眹娴佹帓鏍囧噯鏄疘BM 鍏鍙1984骞翠负鎺ㄥ嚭PC/AT鏈鸿屽缓绔嬬殑绯荤粺姹囨祦鎺掓爣鍑嗭紝鎵浠ヤ篃鍙獳T姹囨祦鎺掋傚畠鏄瀵筙T姹囨祦鎺掔殑鎵╁厖濂椾欢锛屼互閫傚簲8/16浣嶈祫鏂欐眹娴佹帓瑕佹眰銆傚畠鍦80286鑷80486鏃朵唬搴旂敤闈炲父骞挎硾锛屼互鑷充簬鐜板湪濂旇吘鏈轰腑杩樹繚鐣欐湁ISA姹囨祦鎺掓彃妲姐侷SA姹囨祦鎺掓湁98鍙寮曡剼銆
----2锛嶦ISA姹囨祦鎺
----EISA姹囨祦鎺掓槸1988骞寸敱Compaq绛9瀹跺叕鍙歌仈鍚堟帹鍑虹殑姹囨祦鎺掓爣鍑嗐傚畠鏄鍦↖SA姹囨祦鎺掔殑鍩虹涓婁娇鐢ㄥ弻灞傛彃搴э紝鍦ㄥ師鏉ISA姹囨祦鎺掔殑98鏉¤鍙风嚎涓婂張澧炲姞浜98鏉¤鍙风嚎锛屼篃灏辨槸鍦ㄤ袱鏉ISA璁鍙风嚎涔嬮棿鏂板炰竴鏉EISA璁鍙风嚎銆傚湪瀹炵敤涓锛孍ISA姹囨祦鎺掑畬鍏ㄧ浉瀹笽SA姹囨祦鎺掕鍙枫
----3锛嶸ESA姹囨祦鎺
----VESA锛坴ideo electronics standard association锛夋眹娴佹帓鏄 1992骞寸敱60瀹堕檮浠跺崱鍒堕犲晢鑱斿悎鎺ㄥ嚭鐨勪竴绉嶅尯鍩熸ф眹娴佹帓锛岀畝绉颁负VL(VESA local bus)姹囨祦鎺掋傚畠鐨勬帹鍑轰负寰鏈虹郴缁熸眹娴佹帓浣撶郴缁撴瀯鐨勯潻鏂板犲畾浜嗗熀纭銆傝ユ眹娴佹帓绯荤粺鑰冭檻鍒癈PU涓庝富瀛樺拰Cache 鐨勭洿鎺ョ浉杩烇紝閫氬父鎶婅繖閮ㄥ垎姹囨祦鎺掔О涓篊PU姹囨祦鎺掓垨涓绘眹娴佹帓锛屽叾浠栬呯疆閫氳繃VL姹囨祦鎺掍笌CPU姹囨祦鎺掔浉杩烇紝鎵浠VL姹囨祦鎺掕绉颁负鍖哄煙鎬ф眹娴佹帓銆傚畠瀹氫箟浜32浣嶈祫鏂欑嚎锛屼笖鍙閫氳繃鎵╁厖濂椾欢妲芥墿鍏呭椾欢鍒64 浣嶏紝浣跨敤33MHz鏃堕挓棰戠巼锛屾渶澶т紶杈撶巼杈132MB/s锛屽彲涓嶤PU鍚屾ュ伐浣溿傛槸涓绉嶉珮閫熴侀珮鏁堢殑鍖哄煙鎬ф眹娴佹帓锛屽彲鏀鎻386SX銆386DX銆486SX銆486DX鍙婂旇吘寰澶勭悊鍣ㄣ
----4锛嶱CI姹囨祦鎺
----PCI锛坧eripheral ponent interconnect锛夋眹娴佹帓鏄褰撳墠鏈娴佽岀殑姹囨祦鎺掍箣涓锛屽畠鏄鐢盜ntel鍏鍙告帹鍑虹殑涓绉嶅尯鍩熸ф眹娴佹帓銆傚畠瀹氫箟浜32浣嶈祫鏂欐眹娴佹帓锛屼笖鍙鎵╁厖濂椾欢涓64浣嶃侾CI姹囨祦鎺掍富鏈烘澘鎻掓Ы鐨勪綋绉姣斿師ISA姹囨祦鎺掓彃妲借繕灏忥紝鍏跺姛鑳芥瘮VESA銆両SA鏈夋瀬澶х殑鏀瑰杽锛屾敮鎻寸獊鍙戣诲啓鎿嶄綔锛屾渶澶т紶杈撻熺巼鍙杈132MB/s锛屽彲鍚屾椂鏀鎻村氱粍澶栧洿瑁呯疆銆 PCI鍖哄煙鎬ф眹娴佹帓涓嶈兘鐩稿圭幇鏈夌殑ISA銆丒ISA銆丮CA锛坢icro channel architecture锛夋眹娴佹帓锛屼絾瀹冧笉鍙楀埗浜庡勭悊鍣锛屾槸鍩轰簬濂旇吘绛夋柊涓浠ｅ井澶勭悊鍣ㄨ屽彂灞曠殑姹囨祦鎺掋
----5锛嶤ompact PCI
----浠ヤ笂鎵鍒椾妇鐨勫嚑绉嶇郴缁熸眹娴佹帓涓鑸閮界敤浜庡晢鐢≒C鏈轰腑锛屽湪璁＄畻鏈虹郴缁熸眹娴佹帓涓锛岃繕鏈夊彟涓澶х被涓洪傚簲宸ヤ笟鐜板満鐜澧冭岃捐＄殑绯荤粺姹囨祦鎺掞紝姣斿係TD姹囨祦鎺掋 VME姹囨祦鎺掋丳C/104姹囨祦鎺掔瓑銆傝繖閲屼粎浠嬬粛褰撳墠宸ヤ笟璁＄畻鏈虹殑鐑闂ㄦ眹娴佹帓涔嬩竴鈥斺擟ompact PCI銆
----Compact PCI鐨勬剰鎬濇槸鈥滃潥瀹炵殑PCI鈥濓紝鏄褰撲粖绗涓涓閲囩敤鏃犳簮姹囨祦鎺掑簳鏉跨粨鏋勭殑PCI绯荤粺锛屾槸PCI姹囨祦鎺掔殑鐢垫皵鍜岃蒋浣撴爣鍑嗗姞娆у紡鍗＄殑宸ヤ笟缁勮呮爣鍑嗭紝鏄褰撲粖鏈鏂扮殑涓绉嶅伐涓氳＄畻鏈烘爣鍑嗐侰ompact PCI鏄鍦ㄥ師鏉PCI姹囨祦鎺掑熀纭涓婃敼閫犺屾潵锛屽畠鍒╃敤PCI鐨勪紭鐐癸紝鎻愪緵婊¤冻宸ヤ笟鐜澧冨簲鐢ㄨ佹眰鐨勯珮鏁堣兘鏍稿績绯荤粺锛屽悓鏃惰繕鑰冭檻鍏呭垎鍒╃敤浼犵粺鐨勬眹娴佹帓浜у搧锛屽侷SA銆丼TD銆乂ME鎴朠C/104鏉ユ墿鍏呯郴缁熺殑I/O鍜屽叾浠栧姛鑳姐
涓夈佸栭儴姹囨祦鎺
----1锛嶳S-232-C姹囨祦鎺
----RS-232-C鏄缇庡浗鐢靛瓙宸ヤ笟鍗忎細EIA锛圗lectronic Instry Association锛夊埗瀹氱殑涓绉嶅簭鍒楃墿鐞嗕粙闈㈡爣鍑嗐俁S鏄鑻辨枃鈥滄帹鑽愭爣鍑嗏濈殑缂╁啓锛232涓烘爣璇嗗彿锛孋琛ㄧず淇鏀规℃暟銆俁S-232-C姹囨祦鎺掓爣鍑嗚炬湁25鏉¤鍙风嚎锛屽寘鎷涓涓涓婚氶亾鍜屼竴涓杈呭姪閫氶亾锛屽湪澶氭暟鎯呭喌涓嬩富瑕佷娇鐢ㄤ富閫氶亾锛屽逛簬涓鑸鍙屽伐閫氳锛屼粎闇鍑犳潯璁鍙风嚎灏卞彲瀹炵幇锛屽備竴鏉′紶閫佺嚎銆佷竴鏉℃帴鏀剁嚎鍙婁竴鏉″湴绾裤俁S-232-C鏍囧噯瑙勫畾鐨勮祫鏂欎紶杈撻熺巼涓烘瘡绉50銆75銆 100銆150銆300銆600銆1200銆2400銆4800銆9600銆19200娉㈢壒銆俁S-232-C鏍囧噯瑙勫畾锛岄┍鍔ㄥ櫒鍏佽告湁2500pF鐨勭數瀹硅礋杞斤紝閫氳璺濈诲皢鍙楁ょ數瀹归檺鍒讹紝渚嬪傦紝閲囩敤150pF/m鐨勯氳鐢电紗鏃讹紝鏈澶ч氳璺濈讳负15m锛涜嫢姣忕背鐢电紗鐨勭數瀹归噺鍑忓皬锛岄氳璺濈诲彲浠ュ炲姞銆備紶杈撹窛绂荤煭鐨勫彟涓鍘熷洜鏄疪S-232灞炲崟绔璁鍙蜂紶閫侊紝瀛樺湪鍏卞湴鍣澹板拰涓嶈兘鎶戝埗鍏辨ā骞叉壈绛夐棶棰橈紝鍥犳や竴鑸鐢ㄤ簬20m浠ュ唴鐨勯氳銆
----2锛嶳S-485姹囨祦鎺
----鍦ㄨ佹眰閫氳璺濈讳负鍑犲崄绫冲埌涓婂崈绫虫椂锛屽箍娉涢噰鐢≧S-485 搴忓垪姹囨祦鎺掓爣鍑嗐俁S-485閲囩敤骞宠浼犻佸拰宸鍒嗘帴鏀讹紝鍥犳ゅ叿鏈夋姂鍒跺叡妯″共鎵扮殑鑳藉姏銆傚姞涓婃眹娴佹帓鏀跺彂鍣ㄥ叿鏈夐珮鐏垫晱搴︼紝鑳芥娴嬩綆鑷200mV鐨勭數鍘嬶紝鏁呬紶杈撹鍙疯兘鍦ㄥ崈绫充互澶栧緱鍒版仮澶嶃 RS-485閲囩敤鍗婂弻宸ュ伐浣滄柟寮忥紝浠讳綍鏃跺欏彧鑳芥湁涓鐐瑰勪簬浼犻佺姸鎬侊紝鍥犳わ紝浼犻佺數璺椤荤敱浣胯兘璁鍙峰姞浠ユ帶鍒躲俁S-485鐢ㄤ簬澶氱偣浜掕繛鏃堕潪甯告柟渚匡紝鍙浠ョ渷鎺夎稿氳鍙风嚎銆傚簲鐢≧S-485 鍙浠ヨ仈缃戞瀯鎴愬垎鏁ｅ紡绯荤粺锛屽叾鍏佽告渶澶氬苟鑱32鍙伴┍鍔ㄥ櫒鍜32鍙版帴鏀跺櫒銆
----3锛嶪EEE-488姹囨祦鎺
----涓婅堪涓ょ嶅栭儴姹囨祦鎺掓槸搴忓垪姹囨祦鎺掞紝鑰孖EEE-488 姹囨祦鎺掓槸骞惰屾眹娴佹帓浠嬮潰鏍囧噯銆侷EEE-488姹囨祦鎺掔敤鏉ヨ繛绾跨郴缁燂紝濡傚井璁＄畻鏈恒佹暟瀛楃數鍘嬭〃銆佹暟鐮佹樉绀哄櫒绛夎呯疆鍙婂叾浠栦华鍣ㄤ华琛ㄥ潎鍙鐢↖EEE-488姹囨祦鎺掕呴厤璧锋潵銆傚畠鎸夌収浣嶅苟琛屻佷綅鍏冪粍搴忓垪鍙屽悜闈炲悓姝ユ柟寮忎紶杈撹鍙凤紝杩炵嚎鏂瑰紡涓烘眹娴佹帓鏂瑰紡锛屼华鍣ㄨ呯疆鐩存帴骞惰仈浜庢荤嚎涓婅屼笉闇涓浠嬪崟鍏冿紝浣嗘荤嚎涓婃渶澶氬彲杩炵嚎15鍙拌呯疆銆傛渶澶т紶杈撹窛绂讳负20绫筹紝璁鍙蜂紶杈撻熷害涓鑸涓500KB/s锛屾渶澶т紶杈撻熷害涓1MB/s銆
----4锛嶶SB姹囨祦鎺
---閫氱敤搴忓垪姹囨祦鎺扷SB锛坲niversal serial bus锛夋槸鐢盜ntel銆 Compaq銆丏igital銆両BM銆丮icrosoft銆丯EC銆丯orthern Tele绛7瀹朵笘鐣岃憲鍚嶇殑璁＄畻鏈哄拰閫氳鍏鍙稿叡鍚屾帹鍑虹殑涓绉嶆柊鍨嬩粙闈㈡爣鍑嗐傚畠鍩轰簬閫氱敤杩炵嚎鎶鏈锛屽疄鐜板栬剧殑绠鍗曞揩閫熻繛绾匡紝杈惧埌鏂逛究浣跨敤鑰呫侀檷浣庢垚鏈銆佹墿鍏呭椾欢PC杩炵嚎澶栬捐寖鍥寸殑鐩鐨勩傚畠鍙浠ヤ负澶栬炬彁渚涚數婧愶紝鑰屼笉鍍忔櫘閫氱殑浣跨敤涓层佸苟鍙ｇ殑瑁呯疆闇瑕佸崟鐙鐨勪緵鐢电郴缁熴傚彟澶栵紝蹇閫熸槸USB鎶鏈鐨勭獊鍑虹壒鐐逛箣涓锛孶SB鐨勬渶楂樹紶杈撶巼鍙杈12Mbps姣斾覆鍒楀煚蹇100鍊嶏紝姣斿苟鍙ｅ揩杩10鍊嶏紝鑰屼笖USB杩樿兘鏀鎻村氬獟浣
2. 璇烽棶浠ヤ笅缂╁啓鐨勬槸鍏鍙哥殑浠涔堥儴闂 GM QMR QM SS HR AD PD PC PE PI ST EN MM
GM(General Manager鎬荤粡鐞嗭紝鏄鑻卞紡璇存硶锛岀編鍥戒竴鑸鐢–EO)
QMR(Quality Management Representitive璐ㄩ噺绠＄悊浠ｈ〃)
QM(Quality Management璐ㄩ噺绠＄悊)
SS()
HR(Human Resources)
AD(骞垮憡閮)
PD(Proct Department鐢熶骇閮)
PC锛圥roct Control?杩欎釜涓嶇‘瀹氾級
PE(professional engineer ?涓撲笟宸ョ▼甯堬紵涓嶇‘瀹)
PI锛坧rivate investigator绉佷汉璋冩煡鍛橈紵涓嶇‘瀹氾級
ST锛堬級
EN
MM
鍏朵粬閮戒笉鐭ラ亾